The coins have been spread across wallets, each holding up to 500 BTC.

“Capping funds per address reduces exposure to quantum threats,” the country’s Bitcoin Office said.

According to the office, spending from a Bitcoin address makes the public key visible. That creates a risk that, as computing power advances, the corresponding private key could be derived. Keeping assets in a single, repeatedly used wallet would theoretically give a potential attacker unlimited time to compute that data.

“Now, thanks to a public dashboard managed by the Bitcoin Office that can track multiple wallets, the reserve can remain transparent without reusing addresses, which enhances security,” the statement added.

Authorities say this approach combines storage diversification with limiting the potential impact on the reserve in the event of a breach.

In June, researchers at Chaincode Labs published a report on the potential threats quantum computers pose to Bitcoin. They estimate that 20% to 50% of all coins in circulation—some 4–10 million BTC—could be at risk.

Project Eleven’s data suggests this includes the 1.1 million BTC attributed to Satoshi Nakamoto, coins with lost private keys (2–3 million BTC), and addresses whose public keys have been exposed through reuse.

Tether CEO Paolo Ardoino has also not ruled out the possibility that Satoshi’s bitcoins could be cracked and reintroduced into circulation. However, like many other experts, he believes quantum computing would only make this feasible in the distant future.

Others argue a break could be possible much sooner than commonly assumed.

The question of what to do with quantum-vulnerable funds has already split the community. Casa co-founder Jameson Lopp has proposed burning assets deemed at risk. Opponents say that would violate the property rights of coin owners.

Meanwhile, Bitcoin developers are exploring different defenses against the quantum threat, such as reinstating the OP_CAT opcode, which Satoshi disabled in 2010.

For reference, in October 2024, Chinese scientists carried out the “world’s first effective attack” on a widely used encryption algorithm using a quantum computer.